
Maintaining the correct pH level in your swimming pool is essential for both the longevity of the pool equipment and the comfort and safety of swimmers. A balanced pH ensures that the sanitizers work effectively, prevent corrosion or scaling, and keep the water clear and inviting. This article will guide you through the steps to raise the pH in your swimming pool safely and efficiently.
Understanding pH Levels
pH Scale Overview: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Values below 7 are considered acidic, and values above 7 are alkaline (or basic). For swimming pools, the ideal pH range is between 7.4 and 7.6.
Why pH Balance Matters:
- Swimmer Comfort: Low pH can cause eye and skin irritation.
- Equipment Longevity: Acidic water can corrode metal parts, plumbing, and other pool equipment.
- Sanitizer Efficiency: Chlorine works best within the ideal pH range. Low pH levels can cause chlorine to dissipate quickly.
Testing the pH Level
Before making any adjustments, it’s crucial to accurately test your pool’s current pH level.
Steps to Test pH:
- Gather Supplies: Use a reliable pool testing kit or digital pH meter.
- Collect Water Sample: Take a sample from about 18 inches below the water surface, away from return jets or skimmers.
- Conduct the Test: Follow the instructions provided with your testing kit.
- Record the Results: Note the pH level to determine how much adjustment is needed.
Raising the pH Level
If your pool’s pH is below 7.4, it’s time to raise it. The most common chemicals used to increase pH are sodium carbonate (soda ash) and sodium bicarbonate (baking soda).
Sodium Carbonate (Soda Ash)
- Purpose: Primarily raises pH with a minor effect on total alkalinity.
- When to Use: Ideal when pH is low but total alkalinity is within the acceptable range.
How to Add Sodium Carbonate:
- Calculate the Amount Needed: Typically, adding 6 ounces of soda ash per 10,000 gallons of water will raise the pH by about 0.2 units.
- Prepare the Chemical: Always read the manufacturer’s instructions. Wear protective gear.
- Distribute Evenly: Sprinkle the soda ash over the surface of the pool, focusing on areas away from the skimmers.
- Allow for Circulation: Run the pool pump for at least 4 hours to ensure proper mixing.
- Retest the pH: After the circulation period, retest to see if further adjustment is needed.
Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda)
Purpose: Raises total alkalinity and slightly increases pH.
When to Use: Best when both pH and total alkalinity are low.
How to Add Sodium Bicarbonate:
- Calculate the Amount Needed: Adding 1.5 pounds per 10,000 gallons raises total alkalinity by about 10 ppm and slightly increases pH.
- Dissolve Before Adding: For best results, dissolve the baking soda in a bucket of pool water.
- Pour Around the Perimeter: Slowly pour the solution around the edge of the pool.
- Circulate the Water: Keep the pump running for at least 4 hours.
- Retest Levels: Check both pH and total alkalinity to ensure they are within the ideal ranges.
Tips and Precautions
- Add Chemicals Gradually: It’s easier to add more if needed than to correct an over-adjustment.
- Avoid Overcorrection: Raising pH too high can lead to scaling and cloudy water.
- Maintain Total Alkalinity: Keep total alkalinity between 80-120 ppm to buffer pH changes.
- Safety First: Always wear gloves and eye protection when handling pool chemicals.
- Store Chemicals Properly: Keep in a cool, dry place away from children and pets.
Regular monitoring and maintenance of your pool’s pH level ensure a safe and enjoyable swimming environment. By understanding how to test and adjust pH levels, you can prevent common pool problems and extend the life of your pool equipment. Remember to make adjustments slowly and retest frequently to maintain the ideal pH balance.
If you require professional assistance with equipment repairs, installations, or even pool construction and remodels, JJB Pools & Spas offers a range of services to help keep your pool in excellent condition.
Picture Credit: iStock